LM317T Voltage Regulator with Pass Transistor

Power FailuresWe can recently hear the word combination "power failure" quite often. But what kind of failures are there? How are they different? Let's try and look into it.The first and most common power failure is brownouts, that is short-term voltage depressions associated with a rapid increase of load in the network caused by connection of powerful consumers, such as, industrial equipment, elevators, etc. This is the most common failure in a power network. Such failures may result in overloads of power supply units, disconnection of devices, failure of electric motors, data loss in computers. High-voltage pulses - short-term (nanoseconds or microseconds) significant increase in voltage caused by a close lightning discharge or supply of voltage at the substation after an accident. High-voltage pulses may result in failure of equipment sensitive to the quality of power supply.Complete power outage is a result of an accident, lightning discharge, significant overloads at substations. This usually results in data loss in computers and failure of hard drives.Excessive voltage - short-term increase of voltage associated with disconnection of powerful consumers or with the total underload in the network. Results in failure of equipment and emergency outage of equipment with data loss in computers.Unstable frequency is a result of strong overloads of the energy system as a whole. The change in frequency in itself does not imply any significant danger. But it could lead to ...



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